Nanotechnology for removal of arsenic from drinking water

ENVR 32

Allen W. Apblett, Satish I. Kuriyavar, Abdulaziz Bagabas, and Alan P. Piquette.
A major impact of nanotechnology research in the environmental area is the development of nanoscale materials for remediation of pollution and water treatment. Due to their small size, nanoparticles have very high surface areas compared with their bulk counterparts, tremendously accelerating reactions with contaminants. Nanoparticles also exhibit higher chemical reactivity due to unusual crystal shapes, lattice order and surface chemistry that result in usefulness for adsorption of toxic species. We have shown that a variety of nanoparticulate transition metal oxides derived from thermally-unstable low-temperature precursors have excellent capabilities for removing arsenic from water. Unfortunately, discrete nanoparticles tend to suspend and flow away with the water or clog any filter that might be used to keep them in place. Therefore, spherical aggregates of nanoparticles with a similar size and shape as the resin beads already used for water purification were developed and shown to also be effective for arsenic sorption.